Many of these young Navajos had never been off the reservation, making their transition to military life even more difficult.
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What happened to the last code talker is still a mystery. In response to the request, they were only given permission to begin a “pilot project” with 30 Navajos.Įventually only 29 arrived at the military base in California. The demonstration was a success and Major General Vogel sent a letter to the Commandant of the United States Marine Corps recommending that they enlist 200 Navajos for this assignment. Machines of the time required 30 minutes to perform the same job”(Doris 35). “…staged tests under simulated combat conditions, demonstrating that Navajos could encode, transmit, and decode a three-line English message in 20 seconds. The next day, Johnston headed to Camp Elliot and presented his idea for a code to Major General Clayton B. Then one day, Johnston was reading the newspaper when he noticed a story about an armored division in Louisiana that was attempting to come up with a way to code military communications using Native American personnel. He grew up with Navajo children, learning their language and their customs. Philip Johnston, The son of a Protestant missionary, had spent much of his childhood on the Navajo reservation. As a result not only was the element of surprise being lost, but the enemy was able to reposition and get the upper hand. The code used by US during World War II to communicate from battalion to battalion or ship-to-ship was frequently broken by the enemy. But the intelligent of the Navajo would also have a place not only in the war but also in history. Men and young boys ran out with their whatever they could find rifles, axes, and knives. When the Navajo reservation heard of the attack on Pearl Harbor they were eager to fight. government needed the Navajos’ help and though they had suffered greatly from this same government, Navajos proudly answered the call to duty. government issued them rations and sheep and within a few years the Navajo had multiplied the numbers of their livestock and began to prosper once again. They Navajo returned to their land and The U.S. The Navajo resisted persecution and were finally acknowledged sovereignty in the historic Treaty of 1868.
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From this time on, the United States government was on Indian removal campaign. In 1861 a fight broke out between US Troops headed by Kit Carson and the Navajo.
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Overtime tensions between Navajo Indians and US government kept mounting. One estimate indicates that less than 30 non-Navajos, none of them Japanese, could understand the language at the outbreak of World War II”(Durret 254).Įarly relations between Anglo-American settlers of New Mexico were relatively peaceful, but the peace began to disintegrate following the killing of a respected Navajo leader, Narbona in 1849.
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Its syntax and tonal qualities, not to mention dialects, make it unintelligible to anyone without extensive exposure and training. “Navajo is an unwritten language of extreme complexity. The quote below reflects on the intricacy and uniqueness of their language. Like most other Indians they did not use written words but they had developed their own language for communication and to pass their myths in songs and poetry. The Navajos had highly developed art and rituals. The Navajo term originated when the Pueblo Indians applied it to an area of land in the Southwest and the Spanish started calling the Indians that name. They came to this area sometime before 1400.
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The Navajo Indians are a group of Indians that live in Arizona and New Mexico today.